Next-generation sequencing (NGS) is also known as next-generation sequencing, deep sequencing, next-generation sequencing, large-scale parallel sequencing, etc. There are two main platforms: Illumina ("ILMN") and Ion Torrent of ThermoFisher's Life Technologies. Illumina technology is simple and straightforward in all next-generation sequencing, with good stability and reliability, strong repeatability, high data quality, and low error rate.

Illumina sequencing technology is currently the most widely used, and most of the articles published so far adopt this technology and method. The principle is that sequencing technology can generate high-density, massive parallel sequencing reactions, and can perform single-end or pair-read sequencing on hundreds of millions of templates in each flow cell. The fully automated illumina cluster generation workstation amplifies and produces DNA clusters on the surface of the flow cell under constant temperature conditions, and each cluster contains 500-1000 clone copies of a single template molecule. The generated high-density sequence template was sequenced on the surface of the flow cell with an automatic gene analyzer. Using proprietary fluorescently labeled reversible termination nucleotides, samples can be synthesized and sequenced. When sequencing reads, after completing the first read, the DNA cluster is modified in situ to generate the template for the read. Then use the next-sequencing primer to sequence the same DNA cluster to generate the second data. Therefore, it is widely used in SNP and structural variation detection, de novo sequencing assembly, transcriptome sequencing, methylation detection, etc.